Wars and Battles Throughout History

Article Review This Doctor Does Not Want You By...

Basic Publishing Information The article entitled â€Å"This Doctor Does Not Want To See You† by Alice Park was published on Thursday, June 11, 2009 in print. The article was published in U.S. TIME magazine, subcategorized in a health issue containing the expose collection entitled â€Å"How Not To Get Sick†. Due to the articles age, it was accessed for this assignment using the archives of TIME magazine online. TIME magazine online is an electronic resource which archives from TIME magazine’s print copy, thus online articles are now published daily while the print version is circulated monthly. Reporter Alice Park is a TIME’s writer with specialization on â€Å"Breaking frontiers of health and medicine† (Unknown). Article Issue The issue covered within the article is the price versus cost of U.S. health care and alternative methods of care, including their successes and costs with focus on the work of The Cleveland Clinic. The angle of coverage includes views of Cleveland Clinic staff on methodology behind its focuses with commentary from Renee Turner (security staff and patient), Delos Cosgrove (CEO), and Dr. Michael Roizen (Chief wellness officer/anaesthesiologist). This commentary is used in comparison to health care statistics and facts provided by the U.S. National Database. The article is a special health report in an archived health issue entitled â€Å"How Not To Get Sick†, contributing to a compilation of five experts’ best advice for staying healthy throughout life. The articleShow MoreRelatedPeople recognize a difference between children and adults. What events (experiences or ceremonies) make a person an adult? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your answer.7516 Words   |  31 Pagesof all,in which patients have fear of long words. It is certainly true that the children of phobics are more likely to be fearful and anxious, but it s difficult to say whether this is genetic or learnt. 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We would like to express our sincere gratitude and appreciation to Dr. Anthony Chia as our lecture for his patient in guidance, constructive suggestions and valuable critics, during the development and progress for this services marketing plan report. His willingness to lend his time for explaining to us has beenRead MoreAccounting Information System Chapter 1137115 Words   |  549 PagesCHAPTER 1 ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEMS: AN OVERVIEW SUGGESTED ANSWERS TO DISCUSSION QUESTIONS 1.1 The value of information is the difference between the benefits realized from using that information and the costs of producing it. Would you, or any organization, ever produce information if its expected costs exceeded its benefits? If so, provide some examples. If not, why not? Most organizations produce information only if its value exceeds its cost. However, there are two situationsRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. 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Jim Hughes was a cold, difficult man, who was driven by ambition to make money and achieve respect. He had moved to Mexico to avoid segregation and racial injustice in the United StatesRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesmymanagementlab is an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests , focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY

The Insufficiency of Honesty free essay sample

As Stephen Carter begins the essay, he begins the discussion with integrity. Although the essay is based on honesty, integrity is built up of multiple characteristics, including honesty. Carter begins to discuss how being honest does not necessarily mean you have admirable integrity. Being honest can lead to hurtful comments that do not refer to integrity. Carter explains, â€Å"[integrity] requires three steps: discerning what is right and what is wrong; acting on what you have discerned, even at personal cost; and saying openly that you are acting on your understanding of right and wrong† (Carter 338). The main reason Carter incorporates integrity into his essay is to display how honesty and integrity are two different things. To have integrity you must be honest, but to be honest you do not need to have integrity. If you were to look honesty up in the dictionary you would see that the definition says â€Å"the quality or fact of being honest; uprightness and fairness. We will write a custom essay sample on The Insufficiency of Honesty or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † Doing the same with the word integrity, you would get â€Å"adherence to moral and ethical principles; soundness or moral character. † Carter excludes these definitions in his essay, because they are extremely vague. In order to help the reader grasp a true meaning of what integrity and honesty are, he leaves the definition out. By leaving the definitions out he was able to go into great detail on these words and really read in between the lines of what this simple explanation means. He uses examples and compare and contrast in order to get his point around. By explaining his views on integrity and honesty, Carter is able to relate the responsibilities and expectations of Americans to how they are truly acting upon situations in their every day lives.

Response to Intervention Model

Bibliographic information about the program and costs Initially, the Response to Intervention (RTI) model was adopted in 1970s as a tool for assessing learners with potential learning difficulties. Such learning challenges covered various areas in acquiring instructional information. It aimed to replace the conventional model of ‘wait to fail’.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Response to Intervention Model specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The RTI model moved away from determining the gap between the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) scores and the prescribed grade. Instead, it provided a rapid, evidence-based mode of identifying learning difficulties. In 2004, the Individual with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) recognized the RTI model as an appropriate tool for determining and identifying students with learning difficulties. In most cases, a number of students who have learning disabilities also depict reading difficulties. Intervention programs have proved effective in overcoming such learning difficulties (Fuchs Fuchs, 2006). The cost of implementing the model could be relatively high because in cases where teachers lack knowledge of implementation processes, external assistance may be required. Objectives of the program The RTI model aims to eliminate chances of academic failure by embarking on early intervention, regular assessment of learners’ progress and facilitating thorough research-based instructional programs for learners with difficulties. The RTI is an intervention program that has â€Å"several levels and can be adjusted and changed to meet learning needs of various students† (Fuchs Fuchs, 2006).Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More With regard to identifying students with learning disabilities, the RTI framework is an alternative to the con ventional framework that relied on the gap between learners’ IQ scores and test scores. The supporters of the RTI model have touted it as an intervention program that focuses on the Specific Learning Disability (SLD) for the purposes of clarification and clarity. On the contrary, opponents have claimed that the RTI model just identifies low achievers instead of learners with learning difficulties. The RTI framework strives to offer regular feedback to both learners and teachers on learners’ achievements and progress on an individual basis. All people involved can evaluate results because they are visually presented and interpreted. The model allows teachers to adjust contents to meet learning needs of specific learners because it is easy to adjust. In this case, the RTI does not rely on tests or grades to facilitate changes. The model aims at highlighting national achievements of students and making comparison for additional information on learners’ achievement. Finally, the RTI model also allows the instructor to identify learners who may benefit from learning in groups, as individuals or require further tuition and instructions. When such learners get the right interventions, they reduce high chances of learning deficits.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Response to Intervention Model specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Instructional program target One major approach of the model involves data collection based on the universal school-wide screening of learners. Instructors can focus on a specific grade or level and conduct learners’ screening based on a given subject, such as writing, reading or mathematics. Overall, RTI screening can focus on all students. The screening processes aim to establish efficiency and practicality in assessment. The fundamental objective of this process is to identify learners who require further assistance at all levels. The R TI model uses specific criteria (criterion referenced) or general norms (norm referenced) to assess students’ performance scores against the screening items (McCardle Chhabra, 2004). In some instances, cut scores may be applicable with the criterion referenced, which focus on a given level of proficiency based on grading levels. On the other hand, norm referenced relies on the learner’s scores against scores of other students or a large group of learners. The program allows educators to conduct learners’ assessment during fall, winter and spring. The collected data are useful in guiding the instruction of the RTI based on its three tier processes. This process allows educators to identify learners with difficulties, as well as potential areas for interventions and improvement in a larger classroom where many learners may fail to score the required grades. The National Research Center on Learning Disabilities recommends that schools should adopt regular reviews after five weeks to assess achievements of learners and implement interventions for learners who need them. The regular assessment aims to eliminate challenges of over-identification at the beginning of the year. Qualifications and required instructor training The RTI framework is a multilevel tool and could be complex for many instructors. In addition, it is thorough and requires collaboration among regular teachers and special education instructors.Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, teachers must understand the importance of teamwork when using the RTI model for intervention. The model requires highly trained teachers with various resources to implement the three tiers of the model successfully. Instructors may also require training in Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) for effective implementation of the model to meet needs of learners with various learning difficulties. However, lack of resources, including time may hinder implementation of the model. One should recognize that some instructors who lack or have little experience in teaching learners with disabilities might experience significant challenges with the RTI model. In addition, instructors must understand how a research-based method is effective in helping learners with difficulties. Further, instructors must prepare for additional work with the model and crucial changes in expectations of various stakeholders. This is necessary to avoid potential resistance of the model by educators. Fo r effective utilization of the model, a school might seek services of external consultants or educators to assist with effective implementation of the model. Span of the program Instructors conduct learners’ evaluation at the beginning of the year for any preferred areas of learning. The model may also require regular assessment after five weeks to ensure its effectiveness. The RTI framework has three primary elements to ensure that it covers the necessary areas as an intervention model. All these three important components must work in tandem for the RTI model to remain relevant and achieve its desired outcomes. Therefore, any failure to include all the components of the model could result in incomplete assessment of learners and subsequent interventions. In this case, the model may not work and collapse altogether. For instance, any school that only adopts the problem-solving component but fails to collect data on the needs of learners cannot claim to have used the RTI effe ctively. The model insists on regular and repeated measures of learners academic achievements. The three components include: The first component: A Delivery System Designed with Multiple Tiers of Interventions The second component: An Integrated Assessment/Data Collection System to Make Informed Decisions The third component: A Problem-Solving Method (Batsche, Kavale and Kovaleski, 2006) Instructional focus of the program Users must recognize that the RTI model was developed for various purposes in a learning environment. In addition, it accounts for all stakeholders in the learning process. In this case, staff members, administrators and auditors must understand how the model works. The instructional focus of the program could be in any core subject such as mathematics, reading and writing. The critical component of the RTI model is the problem solving. Different user groups must follow the developed procedures used in the component. In most cases, teachers and other school speci alists might lack deep experiences with the RTI model. Thus, they must rely on the systematic instructions provided. The second user group is the selective users. Selective users require the manual for reference on specific elements of the model. Such users may include school psychologists who participate in the support process. The last group includes the intervention specialists who use the model frequently in problem-solving processes. Sample instructional activities It is imperative to recognize that the RTI framework requires high standards of collaboration because of its scope and approach. In fact, various stakeholders in the education system participate in the problem-solving process. For instance, in the problem-solving component, various stakeholders take part in different processes. Figure 1: The Problem-Solving Method These processes involve core guidelines in the RTI. They include: Defining the problem Analyzing the cause Developing the plan Implementing and monitorin g the plan Evaluating the plan In this process, the classroom teacher has specific roles in the process. The classroom teacher conducts the following procedures for any given core subject. Differentiates the instruction Administers standard levels Monitors learners’ progress Identifies students at risks Communicates with various stakeholders, including parents and support team about learners’ challenges Completes the Student Support Team (SST) form Takes part in the SST meeting Actively engages in the development and implementation of the SST intervention plan Therefore, an instructor must work with intervention specialists in different areas. Progress monitoring devices The RTI framework has several monitoring devices. Some of the progress monitoring devices within the RTI framework as identified by Dexter and Hughes (2009) study include the following: SPMM – Standard-protocol mathematics model SCRED – St. Croix River education district model RBM â⠂¬â€œ Idaho results-based model BSM – Behavior support model IST – Pennsylvania instructional support teams MPSM – Minneapolis problem-solving model TRI – Tiers of reading intervention FSDS – Illinois flexible service delivery system model IBA – Ohio intervention-based assessment STEEP – System to enhance educational performance EGM – Exit group model This is a long list of RTI monitoring devices, which can allow instructors to select an appropriate device for the subjects or students. However, it is paramount for instructors to understand how to use these monitoring devices for effective outcomes. Literature and research on the program Research and literature reviews exist about the RTI model. Such studies (Burns, Griffiths, Parson, Tilly VanDerHayden, 2007; McCardle Chhabra, 2004; Fuchs Fuchs, 2006) have established that the RTI model was associated with improved learning outcomes among many students in early reading and mathematics. However, other studies have criticized the RTI framework for a lack of empirical data to support its claims. Commentary and critiques Scholars have identified some core concerns with the RTI framework. One major concern is that the model assumes that the educational system can account for the needs of all learners. However, a critical review of the model shows that it does not account for gifted students (Reynolds Shaywitz, 2007). Therefore, it is imperative to introduce a component that accounts for the needs of gifted students. Other critics have commented that the RTI framework is an effective prevention tool that lacks empirical evidence. In addition, they note the framework may deny or delay interventions for learners with disabilities (Reynolds Shaywitz, 2007). Other critics have also questioned the implementation procedures of the model, and that the model’s supporters have ignored any forms of criticisms (Fuchs Deshler, 2007). At the same time, other s tudies have supported critics by noting that the RTI framework does not yield reliable respondents or non-respondents (Fuchs Fuchs, 2006). Consequently, they have claimed that RTI might not be an effective model for determining learning disabilities. Other comments Learners with disabilities require effective intervention models. Consequently, there are various models to serve different needs of such students. The RTI is a model that relies on data to determine learning difficulties and develop appropriate interventions. Given the positive outcomes of RTI with many learners, it is imperative for many instructors to understand how the model works. Instructors might seek for training or assistance of external consultants to implement the model successfully. Further studies are necessary to address some of the challenges identified in the implementation processes of the model. In addition, instructors must work with other stakeholders in education and acquire the required skills for t he model. It is important to recognize that the model can only be effective if all its components are implemented. Specifically, the components of data collection and problem solving are critical in the model, but they are highly demanding. Overall, the model has been effective as an intervention tool for enhancing learning among learners with various disabilities because it focuses on specific needs of individual learners. References Batsche, G. M., Kavale, K. A., and Kovaleski, J. F. (2006). Competing views: A dialogue on Response to Intervention. Assessment for Effective Instruction, 32(1), 6-19. Burns, M. K., Griffiths, A., Parson, L. B., Tilly, W. D., VanDerHayden, A. (2007). Response to intervention: Research for practice. Alexandria, VA: National Association of State Directors of Special Education. Dexter, D. D., and Hughes, C. (2009). Progress Monitoring Within a Response-to- Intervention Model. Web. Fuchs, D., Deshler, D. (2007). What we need to know about responsiveness to intervention (and shouldn’t be afraid to ask). Learning Disabilities Research Practice, 22, 129-136. Fuchs, D., Fuchs, L. (2006). Introduction to Response to Intervention: What, why, and how valid is it? Reading Research Quarterly, 41(1), 93-99. doi:10.1598/RRQ.41.1.4. Lohman, J. (2007). OLR Research Report: Response to Intervention plans. Web. McCardle, P., Chhabra, V. (2004). The voice of evidence in reading research. Baltimore: Brookes. Reynolds, C. R., Shaywitz, S. (2007). Response to intervention: Remediation, perhaps, diagnosis, no. Child Development Perspectives, 3, 44-47. Veldhuis, S. (n.d). Simply RTI: Response-to-Intervention – a framework for student success. Web. This research paper on Response to Intervention Model was written and submitted by user Happy Hogan to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Timeline of 15th Century Inventions

Timeline of 15th Century Inventions Most people know that Johannes Gutenberg invented movable type presses during the 15th century- in 1440 to be exact. That invention, which was possibly historys greatest, made the inexpensive printing of books possible. But, many other important inventions were introduced  during this century. Below are those that top the list. Early 1400s: Golf, Music, and Painting Tiger Woods,  Arnold Palmer,  and  Jack Nicklaus  would never have walked the links without the invention of the little white ball that they smacked incredible distances. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart  could never have composed his classic concertos without a piano. And, imagine the  Renaissance  without oil painting. Yet, these world changing inventions were created in the early 1400s.   1400: Golf is thought to have originated in a game played in Scotland as early as 1400. The balls were made of wood and didnt travel very far, but at least they represented a start. Indeed, golf was so entrenched in Scotland by midcentury that in 1457,  King James II of Scotland  issued a ban  against playing the game.The earliest version of the piano, called a clavichord, came into existence this year, according to the website, Piano Play It. In 1420, the clavichord  gave way to the harpsichord and leter the spinet, which looks more like the pianos used today.1411: Technically called the matchlock, the trigger- the basic firing mechanism for a rifle or gun- first appeared this year.1410: Oil paint, itself, was actually invented in Asia sometime before the fifth century, but oil painting techniques- like those used by such great artists as  Leonardo da Vinci  and  Michelangelo- were introduced this year by  Jan van Eyck.1421: In Florence, Italy, hoisting gear was inve nted.1439/1440: Gutenberg invents the printing press. Midcentury: Printing Press, and Glasses You would not be reading this website if it were not for Gutenbergs invention of the printing press, upon which all modern typed material is based- including printed material on the web. And, many of you would not be able to read this page without glasses. The rifle also- sadly- advanced during this period. 1450: Nicholas of Cusa created spectacles of polished lenses for nearsighted people.1455: Gutenberg introduced the printing press with metal movable type, marking a turning point in world history.1465: In Germany, drypoint engravings came into existence.1475: Muzzle-loaded rifles were invented in Italy and Germany. Late 1400s: The Parachute, Flying Machines, and Whiskey Many of the ideas and devices common in modern times came into existence in this time period. Some, like the parachute or flying machines, were merely drawings inked on a page by Da Vinci. Others, such as the globe, helped humans navigate the world, and whiskey became a popular drink in the U.S. and worldwide. 1486: In Venice, the first known copyright was granted.1485: Da Vinci designed the first parachute.1487: Bell chimes were invented.1492: Da Vinci was the first to seriously theorize about flying machines.Martin Behaim invented the first map globe.1494: Whiskey was invented in Scotland. Resources and Further Reading â€Å"Early Piano History.† Edited by Ashwati Franklin, Piano Play It, 2017. Highfield, Roger. â€Å"Oil Painting Invented in Asia, Not Europe.† The Telegraph, Telegraph Media Group, 22 Apr. 2008. â€Å"The Matchlock.† The Encyclopedia of Weapons, 22 June 2011. â€Å"Oil Paint History.† Cyberlipid, Les Sites De GERLI.

The Anti-Semitic Dark Side of Martin Luther

The Anti-Semitic Dark Side of Martin Luther Without a doubt, Martin Luther is one of the most influential personas in European history. As a reformer, he played huge parts in creating the Protestant Christian Church. In translating the Bible from Latin into German, he created the foundations of the High German that is spoken in the country today. He singlehandedly made a mess out of Europe that resulted in the divide of Western Christendom leading to Luther being labeled The Great Divider. The aforementioned divide was followed by long and cruel struggles. Dukes and Kings soon had to choose whether they and their subjects would be Catholics or Protestants. These struggles finally led into the Thirty Years War. Many historians find, that Luther is to blame to some extent for a lot of pain and suffering. Martin Luthers Surprising Anti-Semitism From what we know about Martin Luther, we can tell, that he was very uncompromising and somewhat stubborn. The former monk had strong opinions on many issues and just as his views on scholarly matters, he felt urged to express them. He felt no remorse attacking his enemies and adversaries or those he deemed to belong to that category. What might come as a surprise to some, is that this category also included the followers of another major religion: the Jewish people.​​ A Hate Speech Book In 1543, Martin Luther wrote a short book called â€Å"On the Jews and their Lies†. It seems that Luther had hoped for the Jewish people to convert to Protestantism and as that didn’t happen, he was deeply disappointed. In the centuries after Luther’s death, it had no special place among his literary works or underwent particular treatment. It became quite popular in the Third Reich and was even used to justify the discrimination of Jewish people. Was Hitler a Fan? Adolf Hitler  was a declared fan of Luther and his views on the Jews. Extracts of the book were even quoted  in the propaganda movie â€Å"Jud Sà ¼ÃƒÅ¸Ã¢â‚¬  by Veit Harlan. After 1945, the book was not reprinted in Germany until 2016. The recently published edition, which was translated into modern German, proves that the reformer basically demanded the same fate for Jews that the Nazis did, with the exception of a systemic annihilation (maybe, because he could simply not fathom such a thing in the 16th  century). In earlier years, Martin Luther expressed different feelings for Jewish people, probably connected to his high hopes of them converting to Protestantism. Unsettling Views Unfortunately, the views in Luthers book reads like a manual for the National Socialist  German Workers Party  (Nazi Party). Excerpts from his works are  as follows: â€Å"(†¦) set fire to their synagogues or schools and to bury and cover with dirt whatever will not burn, so that no man will ever again see a stone or cinder of them.â€Å" But in his wrath, he not only turned against their synagogues. â€Å"I advise that their houses also be razed and destroyed. For they pursue in them the same aims as in their synagogues. Instead they might be lodged under a roof or in a barn, like the gypsies.â€Å" He propagated to take the Talmud from them and to forbid the rabbis to teach, and he wanted to prohibit Jews from traveling on the highways. â€Å"(†¦) and that all cash and treasure of silver and gold be taken from them and put aside for safekeeping.â€Å" Finally, Luther further wanted to force young Jews into manual labor.   Though â€Å"On the Jews and their Lies† is his most infamous work on Jewish people, Luther published two more texts on the matter. In the book â€Å"Vom Schem Hamphoras (Of the Unknowable Name and the Generations of Christ) he put the Jews on the same level as the devil. And in a sermon, released as â€Å"Warning Against the Jews† he stated that Jewish people should be expelled from German territories if they refused to convert to Christianity.

Financial Managment Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Financial Managment - Coursework Example igh stock of debentures is usually considered unattractive to invest in for the reason that it has a higher risk especially in the times of financial volatility since only holders of debenture have priority over the company assets in such circumstances. Prudent financial management stipulates that, a business should not depend much on loan capital and debentures compared to equity capital unless it is only being employed for a very short period of time. However, these kinds of ascertaions are highly challenged by Modigliani and Miller (MM). In fact their basic hypotheses states that, in an efficient market, the nonexistence of bankruptcy costs, asymmetric information, taxes and agency costs, the business’s value is not affected by the manner in which that business is financed. According to MM, it doesn’t matter whether the capital of the firm is raised through selling debt or issuing stock. They further state that, the dividend policy of the firm also does not affect it s value. Actually, the argument of MM is straightforward; the cash flows that a corporation can make for all investors are all the same despite the capital gearing. According to them, changing the capital gearing does not in any way alter the firm’s general cash flows (Modigliani & Miller, 1958). b) Factors to consider when raising capital through preference and Debentures i. The Board Operation Although preference shares do not have much effect on the company’s management, debentures do have. This is based on the fact that, a business with external investors needs to be run in a manner that goes in line with the aspirations of debenture holders. With this in mind, it may be quite impossible to manage a company where the lifestyle of directors is the only central part behind the business... This paper approves that the company’s declared objective is to maximize shareholder wealth. In principle, a variety of dividend policies is consistent with this aim depending on factors such as the tax position of the clientele and whether dividend policy has been used to convey information to the market. Pavlon has followed a remarkably consistent dividend policy, adhering to a constant payout ratio. At the time of listing, it would presumably have stated its dividend policy in its prospectus and unless specified otherwise, shareholders would have been justified in expecting continuation of this policy. A switch in dividend policy so soon after listing is certain to offend at least some portion of its clientele. This essay makes a conclusion that The stand point of Director C is based on the argument that all shareholder amounts and returns on investments should always be ploughed back to create more wealth. Besides, his argument to maintain dividend is aimed at boosting more capital for the company and evade on paying taxes on some taxable dividends. For instance, the Director seem to have considered the rate of taxes on both capital gains which at times is not taxed and dividends which are usually taxed at the incomes marginal rate. However, with this process shareholders stand too loose more than if they were given the dividends. First, continuously retaining shares in the company without a close follow up on the performance of the company may create a scenario where the company managers will be having easy cash at their disposal to squander.

Biofuel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Biofuel - Essay Example Biofuels have existed since the 1970s. Before 2010, every international commercial biofuels plant was either a biodiesel or a first generation ethanol. The United States of America has been termed to be the world’s largest producer of ethanol. Back in 2009, the USA produced approximately 10.5 billion gallons of ethanol using corn. Brazil comes in second producing eight billion gallons of ethanol using sugarcane. It is strange to see that in a world where there is scarcity of food, there is a massive use of water resources and land in growing crops for the production biofuels. According to the United Nations, the up-and-coming biofuels industry may risk the rising of food prices. In line with the UN-Energy report: Sustainable Energy: a Frame Work for Decision Makers, it states that biofuels production has already driven up maize prices between the year 2006 and 2007. The report also states that biofuels possibly would have a dual consequence on food supplies. Alternatively, suc h crops could avert water, land as well as other resources away from the production of food. The report quotes that unless policies are formed and endorsed to guard threatened lands, push bioenergy development in sustainable direction in general and secure communally acceptable land use, the social and environmental damage could in some cases overshadow the benefits. A key argument exists on the scope to which policies of biofuels have contributed to high volatility and agricultural prices levels. A current study meant for the International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development illustrates that market driven growth of ethanol in United States’ increased corn prices by 21% in 2009,compared to the prices that would prevailing if the production of ethanol had been frozen in 2004. Lester R. Brown stated that by converting the whole grain harvest of the Americans would only generate 16% of its auto fuel wants, energy markets are efficiently positioned in opposition with foo d markets for limited arable land, consequential in a higher food price. A large number of R&D efforts are at present being positioned to the production of 2nd generation biofuels from waste, crop residues and non food crops. Second generation biofuels may possibly merge farming for fuel and food and in addition electricity could be produced simultaneously, this could be beneficial to third world countries as well as the rural areas in the developing countries (Desilva, 4). Strengths Renewability: Biofuels are easy to renew compared to fossil fuels which take relatively long time. This is because new crops are planted and their waste material is gathered. Cost: Biofuels are significantly less expensive compared to gasoline. This is true since increased worldwide demand for oil dwindles oil supplies hence biofuels becoming the only option. Security: Since biofuels

Civil and Criminal Actions Essay Example for Free

Civil and Criminal Actions Essay Civil and criminal actions involve important aspects of the justice system, but the way in which each action is dealt with is different. In the early phases of the development of the laws, civil and criminal actions were dealt with in the same manner. Over time, law makers have developed differences in these two actions. The differences between them can be made by who prosecutes the cases, the details of the cases, and the outcomes sought in the cases. Civil actions involve differences between people where a person feels that another person’s actions caused him harm. According to Simmons (2008), most of the tort (civil) law is governed by a negligence standard. The object of civil actions is to address the harmful actions committed against a plaintiff by enforcing compensation from the defendant. The goal of civil actions is for the defendant to compensate and pay damages the plaintiff feels was incurred on him. Civil law cases can be brought before the state courts or the federal courts. (Simmons, 2008) In civil actions, the plaintiff usually files the case with the court. The attorneys for both parties will present their arguments to the court as to why they believe that the plaintiff or defendant should win in the case. The burden of proof comes from the plaintiff and the defendant must be able to disprove the evidence by the plaintiff. In civil cases, a vote of only 9 of 12 jurors is needed for a defendant to be found guilty. If the defendant is found guilty, the judge then determines the amount of damage or punitive damage cost that the defendant must pay to the plaintiff. (Simmons, 2008) Criminal actions do not require harm as a prerequisite. Criminal actions involve the breaking of laws and criminal offenses. The object of criminal actions is to address the crime that was committed by the defendant. The goal of criminal actions is to determine the guilt or innocence of the defendant and to punish him if he is found guilty of the crime. Criminal cases can be brought before local, state, or federal courts. (Criminal Cases, 2013) In criminal cases, the government brings charges against the defendant. The defendant who is charged with the crime is given a formal charge called and indictment or a charge called an information. The charges are usually presented at the arraignment. A preliminary hearing is then held with the judge to determine if there is enough evidence to prosecute the defendant. After the preliminary hearing, a defendant who has been charged with a felony may go before a grand jury. The grand jury determines if the defendant should be charged with the crime. The jury trial then proceeds where a prosecutor or United States attorney will prosecute the case and the defendant will have an attorney to represent him. (Criminal Cases, 2013) In criminal cases, the burden of proof lies with the prosecutor. The prosecutor must prove that the defendant is guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. After all arguments are presented to the jury, the jury will deliberate and determine if the defendant is guilty or innocent. A unanimous verdict is required in criminal cases for the verdict from the jury. If the defendant is found to be innocent, then he is released. If the defendant is found to be guilty, the judge will set a date for a sentencing. Sentencing in criminal cases is jail time and/or fines. (Criminal Cases, 2013) An example of a case that involves criminal actions and civil actions is if Brian intentionally hits Robert with his car. Brian and Robert have an argument because Robert is having an affair with Brian’s wife. Brian then gets into his car and hits Robert with the car. Robert is taken to the hospital with injuries and dies. Brian committed a crime or actus reus. Brian’s actions also included mens rea. Brian had a specific intent of causing harm to Robert and he purposely hit Robert with his car. (Lippman, 2007) According to Georgia law, Brian can be charged with murder in this case. The classification of the murder would be a felony. A felony is described as a crime that carries a punishment of imprisonment of more than one year. Brian will be charged with first degree murder in criminal court. First degree murder is when a person deliberately kills another person. Brian’s crime is mala in se meaning that the crime was dangerous for human life. Brian’s crime resulted in the death of Robert. (Georgia Code, 2013) After Brian is tried on criminal charges in the murder of Robert, Robert’s family can bring a civil case against Brian because of the harm that he did to Robert. Brian is a wealthy doctor so Robert’s family can sue for compensation to be paid to them for Robert’s death. The civil case can be filed and handled in federal court.

Comparing Fate in Virgils Aeneid and Homers Iliad :: comparison compare contrast essays

Fate in Virgil's Aeneid and Homer's Iliad      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Virgil's Aeneid and Homer's Iliad, a picture of the supernatural and its workings was created.   In both works, there is a concept of a fixed order of events which is called fate.   Fate involves two parts.   First, there are laws that govern certain parts of mens' lives, such as human mortality and an afterlife.   Second, fate deals with the inevitable outcome of certain events, outcomes that cannot be changed by men or gods.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Both Homer and Virgil allude to the existence of unchangeable laws, one of which is the mortality of human beings.   This can be seen by the fact that character after character dies during war.   In Virgil's Aeneid, Aeneas journeys to Hades to visit his father.   During his stay, he talks to a large number of the warriors that have died in the Trojan War.   The death of these warriors shows the mortality of human beings (Forman 2015).   Another unchangeable law is the period of limbo that is said to await the souls of the unburied after death. Homer indicates this law by writing of Patroklos' spirit's return to remind Achilles that, until he has been properly buried, he must wander the earth. These events show Virgil's and Homer's belief in laws that cannot be changed (Strong 62).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The second element of Fate deals with the unalterable predestined occurrence of certain events.   One example of such an event is the fall of Troy. According to Homer, the destruction of Troy was foretold in Hekuba's dream that her son, Paris, would be the cause.   This prophecy was confirmed by a seer. Although Hekuba tried to avert the disaster by attempting to have Paris killed, fate overcame and Troy was destroyed as a result of Paris' judgment concerning the golden apple of discord (Strong 15-16).   Virgil also writes about a similar situation when Venus pleads with Jupiter to help Aeneas with his journey.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Meanwhile, on Olympus, Venus, the mother of Aeneas, berates Jupiter for allowing her son to be persecuted in such a manner.   Jupiter calms her and reminds her of the many prophecies concerning her son and his progeny: how he will found the city of Lavinium in Latium and win a great war; how his son

Absolutism in 17th Century Europe

Absolutism in Europe changed the role of nobility completely in every country. For example, in France, nobles lost a lot of their power due to Louis XIV and his predecessors; also, in Eastern Europe, rulers such as Frederick William of Prussia changed the status of the nobility with his polices. In France, starting with Henry IV, the status of nobility started to fall when Henry started the idea of â€Å"nobles of the robe† in which middle class citizens could buy nobility from the king. This diluted the nobles, which weakened their power and hurt them considerably.Louis XIII and his son continued this and took more of their power away as well. Cardinal Richelieu started the intendant system, which recruited members of the middle class t watch the nobles and report back to the king. This took away power from the nobles to have less influence in the government of France. Continuing the intendant system, Louis XIV had also built the palace of Versailles and forced the nobles to move in. This caused the nobles to fight for the attention of the king and they focused less on the issues of France.Also, living in the palace of the king, one could always watch the nobles to make sure they weren't planning, for example, an uprising. In conclusion, French kings took steps to ensure absolute power and took away the power of the nobles. In Eastern Europe, however, the nobility was dealt with in a different way. For example, in Prussia, nobles gave power to Frederick William for a few reasons: one, to stop Swedish and Polish influence; second, to stop the invasion of Tartars from Russia.For this decision, nobles lost political power in Prussia, but in 1653, Frederick William gave them more power in something else, controlling serfs: he allowed a hereditary subjugation of the serfs in order to appease the Junkers, or noble class. While Frederick William was in power, he believed in a strong, standing army. He increased military spending through taxation, which was twi ce the amount of Louis XIV. He forced the Prussian nobility to pay the taxes by having soldiers act as tax collectors and policemen.This effectively decreased the power of the nobility by seizing power for the king. In conclusion, Frederick William took away power from the nobles, while also giving them power over other areas, such as serfdom. Absolutism in Europe differed from East to West. How the power of the nobles was affected depended on the king and the area of the country, such as Louis XIV of France or Frederick William of Prussia. Each king had their own ways of effectively limiting the political power of the nobles.

Transport Is Important Since It Enables Trade Between People, Which in Turn Establishes Civilizations

Transport is important since it enables trade between people, which in turn establishes civilizations Is the choice of transport important? There are many kinds of transport, such as : air, water and rail. Transport is the movement of people, animals and goods from one location to another. It is important since it enables trade between people, which in turn establishes civilizations. Transportation in the past was slower and harder to access. Not everybody could afford transportation. Now transportation is faster, easily available, and most people have access to it, such as public transportation.In spite of similarities between air and rail transport, there are greater differences like speed, rules and price. The most obvious similarity lies in the their role. Air and rail transport were invented for movement from one location to another. Day after day we use both of them. Actually it is very useful for us. Relocation of travelers and cargo are the most common uses of transport. Howe ver, other uses exist, such as the strategic and tactical relocation of armed forces during warfare, or the civilian mobility construction or emergency equipment.Despite their similarity in role, they have some differences which shows us that they are mostly different. According to the article â€Å"Transportation Then and Now† we can see that the price of air transport is more expensive than rail. Because of this some people can’t allow themselves to use air transport. In contrast, the are some reasons to pay such price and as a result the price proves its’ quality. In average the price of air transport bigger than rail for about 40% Another difference between them is the rules. As we know, each industry has its own rules.However, air transport has more rules than rail. For example in airplane you should absolutely follow all rules. In spite of this fact rail rules are also very important, but air transport includes to be more careful. The final and most import ant difference is that most long distance travel is by air. Despite an extensive road and rail network, the fastest way to travel is by air. The aircraft is the second fastest method of transport, after the rocket. Commercial jets can reach up to 955 kilometres per hour (593 mph), single-engine aircraft 555 kilometres per hour (345 mph).However, modern high-speed rail is capable of speeds up to 350  km/h (220  mph), but this requires specially built track. In conclusion, according to this facts. The results illustrate us that air and rail transport have more differences than similarities. The price of air transport is more expensive than rail. Even though these types of transportation existed, they were very different from what we use today. Not everybody could afford transportation. Now transportation is faster, easily available, and most people have access to it, such as public transportation.

No More Conventional Antonyms

No More Conventional Antonyms No More Conventional Antonyms No More Conventional Antonyms By Maeve Maddox One of the innovations of Newspeak, the version of English used by the totalitarian government in Orwell’s dystopic novel Nineteen Eighty-Four, was the elimination of antonyms. A writer at the Oxford Dictionaries site explains: By choosing which words the populace can use, The Party can choose to shift thought in a more positive or negative direction to suit their needs;  ungood, for example, makes the populace feel less negative than  bad  would In 2015, some of the populace seem to be choosing to add un- to adjectives like good and rich rather than look for conventional antonyms: The Rich Are Less Ethical Than the Unrich [A Resort] Like Palm Springs, only for unrich people The government is clearly pandering to the masses, i.e. the unrich people. Few fanfic writers actually write good stories. Some are unrealistic, unplanned, ungood stories.   I was all set to move to Erdington until last night [when] I found some  ungood stories about the area I will be living in. In the end, the good outweighed the  ungood and Im happy I chose this  place. Ill be traveling light when it comes time for me to cross, when I cross†¦ This unwide road†¦ (song lyrics) . Abercrombie Fitch chief executive Mike Jeffries [issued] a half-baked apology for his incendiary comments on why the unthin, the unyoung and the unbeautiful dont belong in AF clothes. As a stylistic device, words like unthin and unbeautiful can be used to humorous effect. Adding un- to words in an effort to obscure meaning or avoid thought, on the other hand, is not an option for writers who wish to be taken seriously. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Homograph ExamplesIs There a Reason â€Å"the Reason Why† Is Considered Wrong?Prepositions to Die With

What to Do If Your College Friend Is Bullied

What to Do If Your College Friend Is Bullied In this article we’re going to take a look at some â€Å"safe plays† you can depend on should a bullying issue come up with someone you’re close to. These days it’s no joke. Our point here is to make sure you’re informed and you can cover your freaking ass as well. And, with that said let’s get right to it. 1 Examine Whether It’s an Isolated Incident or an Issue Honestly, saying the word â€Å"bully† these days on campus is like saying â€Å"bomb† on an airplane. People don’t just go throwing it around or jumping to conclusions. If your friend hasn’t been roughed up physically, then take the time to evaluate the matter closely. Was is coincidental or situational in nature? Is it likely to happen again, or has it been going on for a while? Is your friend overreacting†¦honestly? Furthermore, the last thing you want to do is to cause a bunch of drama or potentially label someone a bully only to find out that it was all just a big misunderstanding. And secondly, people today need to be a little more resilient. Sometimes these situations are points in the road that define our characters. Confrontations, if they don’t get violent, are a part of life. If it’s an issue, confront your friend about it. If a serious physical, emotional, psychological or verbal abuse is taking place, then you need to confront not the bully, but your friend about it. What’s up? How long has this been going on? How serious is it? Why haven’t they stood up for themselves yet, or if they have, why haven’t they sought help up to this point? Let’s be honest, many times it’s the weaker that get picked on. Weaker in many different senses of the word, not just physically. This type of treatment wears down on us and takes its toll, especially when we’re younger. 2 Figure Out If It’s Possible to Confront the Bully Without Making Things Worse No, you shouldn’t â€Å"confront† anyone on a social media channel. That’s just downright childish. Confrontations should ideally happen in controlled and safe or public environments where a physical encounter (otherwise known as big trouble) can be avoided. Is it possible to simply confront this person and in the matter of fact ask, â€Å"Why are you bullying me/my friend?† Put them on the spot. Don’t be afraid to confront them publically if they are indeed a bully and no one has had the guts to do it yet. Oftentimes this can be the wakeup call that â€Å"bullies† which are human being too, need. But, if it’s likely to cause trouble or just doesn’t seem like the smart play then avoid the person or group and skip to the next strategy. There’s no reason to put your or your friends safety at risk. If the goal is revenge, or is anger-based then step back and take a deep breath. These days is this really something you want to risk? Colleges are deathly afraid of bad press, and bullying is a paramount issue that no colleges want to be attached to. 3 Take Advantage of Any College Mediation Counselors or Services Chances are your college has mediation counselors and services that can pretty much take care of the situation for you. They’ll arrange the confrontation in a highly controlled environment. 9 times out of 10 mediation services get things worked out without more trouble. And, there’s absolutely no shame in turning to them. Again, â€Å"bullying† is like kryptonite. Everyone wants to avoid it. These people are trained to solve problems. If you’re a freshmen or sophomore living in dorms there’s probably a mediation counselor for your dorm. Regardless, the perpetrator will know afterwards that they’re on watch and their college career is now â€Å"on the radar† so make sure that contacting mediation services is warranted. 4 Don’t Even Think About Retaliating in a Way That Will Create a Much Bigger Problem To be blunt, the cops could so easily get involved and if they do then you’re in for some serious trouble if you’re a part of the shenanigans. And here’s the elephant in the room: school shootings. The sad fact is that they’re way too common these days they’re oftentimes connected to some form of bullying. No one’s saying you’ll do anything like that, but if you or your friend start talking tough or saying retarded things about retaliating someone is likely to take you at your word, call the cops and you could have a full-on swat team invade your dorm room. This is serious! Don’t retaliate. Be an adult and do things the right way. And, if your friend is out looking for trouble that could jeopardize your life and your goals, then maybe you should reexamine your friendship? What do you think?

Mount Saint Helen's Video (Back from the Dead) Essay

Mount Saint Helen's Video (Back from the Dead) - Essay Example According to researchers the mountain is categorized as a composite volcano due to its characteristics, emanating from the cone shape and also the composition of the mountain’s layers which include lava, ash and volcanic debris. The mountain was symmetrical before its eruption; it also commanded a considerable height. As indicated earlier the effects of the Mt. St. Helens eruption caused losses, in economical and geographical spheres. According to the information collected, the destruction spread to an area of more than 500 square kilometers. The lava emitted flowed and covered the area indicated above, bringing about destruction to the existing vegetation, killing the animals located within the area, and also displacing a lot of people from the region (Carson p 79). According to research, 57 people died, the group included inhabitants of the region, scientists and geologists. Historical data clearly shows that the area had been locked up to prohibit the entry of residents, si nce scientists had made a conclusion that the mountain was at its dormant stage. As the video clearly indicates, the respondents interviewed through the documentary are not certain whether the mountain will erupt within the coming years. Indications from the remnant vegetation and land cover only attests to the magnitude of the eruption. The process started with a gradual occurrence which proceeded to a bigger result. The process began with a series of earthquakes being experienced from the bottom part of the mountain. As the number of earthquakes increased the mountain erupted releasing ash and steam. After the eruption, a continued earthquake process and the bulging of the northern part of the mountain clearly indicated that magma was moving up, through the vent (Carson p 124). As the bulge continued, the continued earthquake action led to the busting of the northern compartment of the mountain, triggering the sliding of ice and rocks down the mountain. Consequently after the viol ent earthquake action, the mountain erupted releasing gases, magma and water from the northern side where the bulge had been spotted. The eruption triggered the acceleration of the molten rock, hot rock and ash all over the surface. The effects of the eruption can be accounted for, through the covering of the nearby basins and lakes. Other forms of disturbances are accounted for through classification into various disturbance zones where the effect was witnessed. The first disturbance zone is the flow of the pyroclasticmaterial through the face of the mountain. This process generally involved the flow of pumice and gas through the crater into the overlooking land. This flow caused destruction to the existing organism, with both the vegetation and organic organisms not spared. Debris thrust from the crater also cascaded down the mountain, with avalanches also being witnessed. The second disturbance zone, also known as the northern debris avalanche was witnessed soon after the norther n region of the mountain collapsed due to the bulging of the surface. The debris collected from the collapsed material formed into a large mound which caused a large landslide, which according to the historical evidences indicates that it was the largest land slide witnessed. After the landslide had been experienced, the ice found at the peak of the mountain melted into water which combined with other materials such as sand, boulders and other debris to form a thick material,

General motors transnational strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

General motors transnational strategy - Essay Example General motors’ is a multinational organization with and have factories manufacturing vehicles and vehicle accessories in at least 37 countries and has 10 established brands (Pelfrey 2006: 129). The company was the leading automotive seller for 77 years which is the longest time that any automotive company has dominated the automotive industry (Holstein 2010). However, the company was seriously affected by the 2008 economic crisis which led to it closing three of her brands. Since 2008, the company has been observed to continue declining in terms of revenue earned.The data needed for this research will be collected by analyzing different papers that have been written regarding the strategies written by general motors and also scrutinizing its financial performance from the company annual reports. There are many studies that have been conducted to analyze GM performance.Expected resultsThis has resulted in creation of competition among different brands thus the company ends up sabotaging its own products (Husted & Allen 2011: 49). The structure is also vertically organized which inhibits communication between the top managers and the employees. This has resulted in a lot of labor union problem which has affected the company productivity (Crumm 2010: 267). GM has also failed to cater for the needs of the customer by developing alternative fuel vehicles in this age of energy crisis. Nevertheless, the company has been successful in entering emerging markets such as China and this has improved its global presence.

School Workload and Sleep Deprivation in Adolescent Tardiness Research Paper

School Workload and Sleep Deprivation in Adolescent Tardiness - Research Paper Example Student’s Study Time and Their Homework Problem (Zuzanek, 2008) explores the students’ workloads, its demographics, trends, and its personal implications for the student’s well-being. The study explores the relationship of the study time the students spend (both at school and at home) and the so-called â€Å"homework problem† raised by North Americans. It is interesting to know from the study the possible reasons behind tardiness related to the time spent by students at school, though no direct analysis was stated in this study between school workload and tardiness. This should provide a vague understanding on what might a student experiencing heavy school workload for them to consider being tardy in classes. Both independent (study time) and dependent (â€Å"homework problem†) variables used in this study are broadly defined, but may provide valuable information for this paper. The participants in this study used time diaries programmed with  "beeper self-reports† wherein they log their activity, its importance and interest, their location, people around them, affect, feelings of time pressure, willingness to do anything else, and will take place when they were signaled by the â€Å"beep†. ... This research measured the student’s study time (also in comparison with other countries) and the determinants of what was called â€Å"homework problem†. However, the article did not further discuss the â€Å"class time problem† even if it mentions its greater urgency than â€Å"homework problem† in when students prefer to do anything else; perhaps it is already beyond the focus of the paper. Psychosocial Aspects of Truancy in Early Adolescence (Nielsen & Gerber, 1979) investigated the aspects of truancy among the selected 33 truants within those individuals, their families, their peers, and their school teachers and administrators. The independent variables are the psychosocial aspects while the dependent variable is truancy. This study presents an interesting concept of truancy, for even if it is a different concept from tardiness, it does have a common similarity: the former speaks of absence from school in terms of school days while the latter deals w ith the absence from school in terms of school minutes or hours. Caution must be exercised not to consider tardiness as a less harmful form of truancy, as these concepts are perceived to be completely different, as truancy is likely intentional while most cases of tardiness is not, though students disliked their habit of being truant. This study used different methods in extracting the psychosocial aspects of truancy, namely interview to the truants and school administrators, analysis of the school data of the incidences of truancy, grades, test scores and attendances of the truants under study. The sample truants were scheduled for interview using a 60-90 minute

Festival De La Familia Concert Report Music Essay

Festival De La Familia Concert Report Music Essay For the Concert report I attended the Festival de la Familia at Cal expo on April 25th. The first thing I did when I got there was to look for a schedule or program of the events that were going on. It turns out there were more performers than I could actually watch. I headed first to the tower stage as I could hear music coming from there. I got there and a Mariachi band was playing. I looked at the event program and it was the Tonantzin Mariachi according to the program but apparently it wasnt. I overhead people saying that the mariachi band was actually a different one that the one listed. The mariachi band members were all wearing traditional charro costumes. I got to hear three songs before the band ended their session. However these songs were pretty melodic and upbeat. They didnt dance much but they did move in unison to the rhythm of the music. The melody was pretty joyful, it seemed that it was made especially for celebrations. There was an obvious harmony laid by violins matching the main melody. It was really nice hearing how all the different harmonies from the different instrument groups complemented each other, these songs all had a very nice texture. The rhythm was easy to decode as it was made by the guitar players muting the guitar strings with the palms of their hands to create a beat. They would also stomp on the ground every once in a while to the beat of the music. The instrumentation was pretty standard, it consisted of guitars, a guitarron,a couple violins and trumpets, and a singer. All instruments are of Europena decent (Mariachi). The most interested instrument was the guitarron. It was different in that it is usually only found in mariachi bands. Although the guitarron that the Mariachi bands use is actually called guitarron mexicano or Mexican guitarron as there is a Chilean and an Argentinian version of the guitarron as well. (The Guitarron). Althought it seems the guitarron comes directly from the guitar it actually does not. The guitarron was developed independently in 16th century Spain independently from the Spanish bajo de uà ±a. It replaced the harp in the 20th century (What is the mariachi?). The trumpets were not originally part of the Mariachi bands arsenal. As Mariachi music became more popular and because of the popularity of jazz and Cuban music mariachi bands started adopting the trumpet to accompany or replace the violins and harp. (What is the mariachi?). The mariachi band is believed to have originated from Jalisco, Mexico, although nobody seems to know where the name Mariachi came from (What is the mariachi?). The instruments used in a mariachi band were introduced by Spain. They were originally meant to be used in mass, but later on criollos began to use them to create popular music (What is the mariachi?). Back when Mariachis started, they represented the pride and culture of the Mexican people(What is the mariachi?). Today, the same can be said as when one listens mariachi music usually the first thing that comes into mind is something to do with Mexico. The band I saw at the event hasnt deviated much from the old traditions. They still wear the old traditional costume, the large hats, the songs were traditional ones. They did put to use all the modern mariachi band instruments including the guitarron and trumpets. There was no harp present. In my opinion, I would says that theres not a lot of difference between the Mariachi bands around the world. Most of them play the same songs but the different comes in the quality of their sound, the way the play their instruments so that the song sounds like one good piece instead of a mix of instruments d also the singer. I heard some singers in mariachi bands whose voices just dont match the song at all. Later on I went to the tent Top Stage and got to see the group BF Las Estrellas de Hayward. I hope that was what they were called since it seemed that the schedule was a little bit off and the performers were performing at different stages than the ones they were listed on the handout. This was a dance group. Although there was no live music playing here, it was recorded, but it was still nice to listen to it and watch the traditional dances of Veracruz, Mexico or jarocho. These dancers were wearing the traditional white guayabera shirts and white pants and hats. The women were wearing colorful dresses and head decorations. They were all wearing special shoes with which the would tap on the ground or do the zapateados to create a percussive sound that would complement the other instruments. I would say that the dancers tried to keeps the traditional form that was used since the beginning of the jarocho music. The whole performance had a very tropical feeling to it, especially after they brought in statues of sea creatures such as sea starts and sea horses. It would have been nice if they were actual live instruments playing but from what I listened I could tell some of the instruments that were playing. One of the most noticeable instruments was the harp which made the music sound very Caribbean like and you could also hear guitars on the background laying the main rhythm. Afterwards, the group Samba da Terra made their presence into the stage. They were a Brazilian samba group located in Sacramento. They started out with about 6 drummers creating a steady beat. The tempo was pretty slow but it picked up as time went by. The drummers did not seem to wearing any ethnic clothing or costumes. They were all wearing t-shirts with the Samba da Terra logo on them and short pants or long shorts. The only instruments played during their entire performance were drums of different styles and sizes. The drums sounded different enough from each other to distinguish the timbre even though all of them were beat at about the same volume. There wasnt much harmony; the drums themselves dont have a very harmonic sound. There were lots of dynamics though. Some beats were louder that others. The was a lead drum player with a different type of drum that he would ply similar to a regular snare. He would play his own part but he would accentuate certain beats to amplifly the beats made by the other drums. If it wasnt for the dynamics, the beat would have sounded pretty lifeless and simple. The texture was simple, there were the bigger drums seting a deep bass sound while the smaller drums had a higher pitch and very played a little faster that the bigger drums. Some of the players would alternate between using their hands and stick to create different sounds. There also want much of a melody, only a study beat and rhythm. They would however change it about every 30 seconds. You could tell that there was an African influence in the samba. For one, the beat had a very tribal feeling to it. The instrument s have their roots back to Africa as well. The drums came from slaves brought to Brazil by the Portuguese. (Samba) Later, the group was joined by a group of female dancers that dance to the rhythm of the drumming. Thats when things got more interesting. The female dancers were in traditional samba costumes which were pretty colorful and were wearing this huge head pieces adorned with feathers. As the dancers were dancing to the beat the drummers would suddenly change the tempo pretty drastically to a really fast one and the dancers would try to keep up with it. Later the tempo would slow down and so would the dancers. At first, the dancer were doing a pretty simple dance, as the performance progressed they started doing some pretty complex dances that seem to tak e a lot skill to pull of. You could tell which dancers had more experience by observing them dance during the complex parts. Samba da Terra was formed in 2001 by Marta Santos. Marta is a native Brazilian that has participated in various Samba event including the Carnaval of Brazil. Afterwards, as I was walking towards the exit of the expo, I ran into Aztec dancers. They were doing a traditional dance. Most of them were wearing traditional Aztec clothing and articles. The performer were of different age. The were kids that seem to be about 8 to 12 years old to full grown adults in their 40s or 50s. The main instrument seems to be a drum in which the main beat was formed. Each dance had some type of foot shaker that created noise every time the dancer moved. The group seemed to be divided, some dancer would be doing the same part while another groups while another group would be doing another. The older dancers were the ones with the drums. There was a certain dancer that seem to have a special role. She was a young kid that dance differently from the others. She was doing some type of jump/sneaking movement in between the other dancer as if she was looking for something. I was surprised about this because the dance that she was doing seem pretty hard and tiring compared to the others. The music was simple. It was mostly drums accompanied by the shakers. There was the occasional vocal chanting. The overall melody seemed to be calling for something, as in calling a God for help or a war dance. There was a war like rhythm to the sound structure of the Aztec dancers. The main beat was laid off by the two drummers. It was complemented by the rattles in the feet of all the dancers, in fact the rattles created a sort of melody. You could distinguish between the sound of the two drums because one of the drummers would play softer that the other. The dynamics also changed to give a more dramatic beat and the dancers would move more dramatically to compensate. The tempo stay relatively the same thought out the entire performance. The texture was relatively simple just consisting of the noise coming from the rattles and the drum beat. Before the pre-Hispanic times in Mexico, the Aztecs would dance and sing as an offering to the Gods. (Mexican Dances) . The dance purpose was to ask for good fertility, crops and earth. The Aztecs would use two drums used during the dance called the huà ©huetl y teponaztle. (Mexican Dances) both drums are skin drums. (The aztec music) The huà ©huetl was played wit the hands while the teponaztle was played with mallets. The rattles found on the feet of the dancers are called Theres not much known about the Aztecs musical culture prior the arrival of the Spanish. (Mexicolore) After the Spanish conquistadors came and the Mexican empire fell the use of drums or any other percussion instrument was forbidden and any one found using on would get its hands cut off (Mexican Dances) This lead to the development of the guitars made of animal shells. (Mexican Dances) Later in the 1930-1940s, the old instruments such as the the huà ©huetl y teponaztle started to be used again because of Manuel Pinda Escalona, Gabriel Osorio. (Mexican Dances) Today most Aztec dance groups consist of a few drummers an and group of dancers. Its hard to find the traditional instruments used back in time such as the armadillo or tortoise guitars and drums (Ayotl) or the Omichicauaztli which was made out of deer bones. (Aztec Music) Overall, the research that Citations http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariachi http://www.cumpiano.com/Home/Articles/Special%20interest/Acbass/guitarron.html The guitarron http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guitarr%C3%B3n_mexicano Guitarrà ³n mexicano http://www.mexconnect.com/articles/1875-what-is-the-mariachi What is the mariachi? http://www.sambadaterra.com/aboutus.html Samba Da Terra: About us http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samba Samba citations http://www.barraganzone.com/mexicandances_aztec.html Mexican Dances http://www.aztec-indians.com/aztec-music.html Aztec Music http://www.mexicolore.co.uk/index.php?one=azttwo=mus Mexicolore http://www.aztec-history.com/aztec-music.html tHE aZTEC mUSIC)

A Clockwork Orange Essay -- A Clockwork Orange Essays

A Clockwork Orange We are first introduced to Alex (Malcolm McDowell) in the company of his posse, strangely sipping drugged milk in a freakish bar with anatomically indiscrete manikins serving as tittie-taps and tables. The ensuing scenes flash from Alex and his three droogs brutally beating an old man to a violent rape scene to a semi-chaotic gang-brawl. The story is of Alex and his love of the old ultra-violence, his act of murder, his betrayal and imprisonment, and his cure (twice). Adapted from Anthony Burgess’ 1962 novel, A Clockwork Orange is in part a response to psychological behaviorism and the age of classical conditioning. While in prison, Alex is selected for a special treatment that will cure him of his impulses to rape and brutalize. The treatment is in fact a simple conditioning process—Alex’s eyes are propped open and his body restrained so that he must watch a series of graphic images while experiencing an injection induced illness. The illness becomes his conditioned response to brutality, rape, and, accidentally, his much beloved Beethoven’s 9th symphony....

How Modern Technology Affects Library Books

The importance for polished English remains high on the priority among many firms as a basic requirement. The emphasis for proficiency in the English language starts from school for most, but most adults do not maintain a habit of constantly improving and updating their ability to read and write. Speaking has become a part of our daily lives and our reliance on English has turned it into the first language of many Singaporeans. Our heavy reliance on English gives us an edge when practising it throughout our daily lives. This however comes at the cost of having too much comfort and usually leads to arrogance that stops us from constantly improving and updating our language skills. The habit of good English could not only help with a person's daily life but also with any possible career prospectus. The ability to be more qualified than your competition in terms of articulation gives the everyday working adult an edge towards a better prospectus. It's a form of communication that exceeds the boundaries of Singapore, reinforcing its importance as a major world language. Other than simply being a means of communication, it also serves as the most universal form of articulation. A person can express his or her thoughts more concisely when using the appropriate language in a certain context. This means of expression precedes many generations before and was passed down to most citizens as their first language. Language proves to be timeless in its use and the relentless pursuit of self improvement can begin with good English.

Phu Quoc

To Yen Ngan ELP 6 Lecturer: Mr. James Topic: Tourism in Phu Quoc Island Phu Quoc Island is located in Thailand Bay, lies in front of the Cambodia cost, 45km from Ha Tien to the West and 15 km from South Cambodia. Phu Quoc is located in the tropics and is affected by oceanic climate. These are the reasons why Phu Quoc’s climate is always being temperate with average temperature from 24oC – 27oC. The ideal time for tourist to visit Phu Quoc Island is from November to January (Lunar calendar) because in this time the sea is so calm and the amount of tourist will decrease that’s why the price of hotel and food will be more reasonable for everybody. Phu Quoc Island is an attractive island with not only fresh and wide virgin forests but also the most beautiful and clearest beaches. The island like an armed fortress of the Vietnamese navy, and 80% of the island is protected as the Phu Quoc National Forest. Phu Quoc is a beautiful island, bathed in the warm tropical sun; the sea is clear and green. Following are some famous attraction about Phu Quoc Island. Firstly is Coi Nguon museum. This is an interesting place to discover and know more about the culture and the history of Phu Quoc. This museum displays lots of ceramics, bronze and stone tools, and animal and sea mammal skeletons. Besides, there is some art work made by people from Phu Quoc using materials that are specific to Phu Quoc like sea shells and drift wood. Secondly is Phu Quoc Pearl Farm. Visiting this place, everybody have chance to find out about the way how pearl is cultivated. There is also displayed area with lots of pearl collections for your contemplation and shopping. At night, tourists can enjoy the night market in Duong Dong. Night Markets: is located in the middle of Duong Dong and it bustles with trade in fish, fruit, and vegetables. There are many activities in Phu Quoc Island. After enjoying swimming in the ost beautiful and clearest beaches, you can hire a boat to go fishing or do sightseeing in fresh and wide virgin forests or join a boat tour discovering the ocean, experience the fishermen daily life for snorkeling around some coral reefs, having lunch onboard, enjoy sea urchin – a specialty of Phu Quoc. Phu Quoc is also famous for impressive and colorful coral islands. Moreover, tourists can free at leisure for diving to discover the habitats of corals and fishes, or participating sports on the beach such as wa ter Moto, parachuting glide, kayaking, sailing boats †¦ njoy fresh local seafood. In conclusion, a visit to Phu Quoc Island is a good, an ideal and affordable opportunity to relax after hard working or studying and learn many new things in life. Tourists will be received many benefits from the trip to Phu Quoc Island such as make new friends, increase knowledge, explore the historical and cultural traditional of Vietnam many historical and cultural monuments that are connected closely with different stage of the Mekong Delta and country’s development. increase significantly self-confident and love natural, etc. List of References: * http://www. phuquocexplorer. com (Phu Quoc Explorer 2010, All rights reserved – Design by IT-DULICHPHUQUOC. INFO) * http://www. dulichphuquoc. com/2010/03/02/di-cau-ca-va-kham-pha-dao-hoang/ (2005 – 2010 Du Lich Phu Quoc) * http://www. mekongstay. com/vietnaminformations/phuquocisland/18. html (MekongStay co. Ltd 2007)