Motet Music Essays - Medieval Music, Renaissance Music, Free Essays

Motet Music Essays - Medieval Music, Renaissance Music, Free Essays Motet Music The beginning of the motet is, similar to the scriptural birth of Eve, a matter of member. On account of Eve, a rib was expelled from Adam and designed into a ladies; the motet was a rib added to previous clausulae. James C. Thomson portrays this improvement as follows: In the thirteenth century, maybe sooner, it turned into the training to add another content to the upper voice of a clausula. The recently worded, was then called motetus. (Thomson, 56) Despite its to some degree aimless birth, the structure was generally acknowledged. Grout depicts its ubiquity as: Thousands of motets were written in the thirteenth century; the style spread from Paris all through France and to all pieces of western Europe. (Grout, 99) Innovation was not a sign of the thirteenth century motet. Truth be told, of the two fundamental attributes of the motet, one was that it was built on a cantus firmus, some prior tune (Thomson, 57) The other was that it had at any rate two distinct writings. As Grout calls attention to, the supply of motet tunes, the two tenors and upper parts, lay in the open area; authors and entertainers unreservedly grabbed the music of their forerunners without affirmation and changed it without notice. (Grout, 99) A one of a kind attribute of the motet of this period is the blending of tunes and rhythms. Alfred Einstein depicted this procedure as: This might be called polymelody, the obligatory mix of the at least two unmistakable tunes with various rhythms (Einstein, 26) With the acknowledgment of such mixes came the advancement of more abnormal blends. Next to each other with a holy ritualistic book seemed common writings of once in a while unbelievable complexity. The blend of sacrosanct and mainstream text was a consequence of the way that less and less notification was taken of the association between the writings of the tenor and duplum. Einstein hypothesized this improvement was self-assertive, anyway most conviction the music is introduced on an, interior discernment (Bukofzer, 28) and to the artist, to them a detail was an incentive in itself. (Mathiassen, 70) The motet mixed the various planes of music. An extra improvement in the method of blending and including is that in addition to the fact that it was polyphonic, polyrythmic, and polytextual, however music was presently multilingual: at least one vernacular (French) writings may be fill in for Latin ones. (Thomson, 57) During this time, writers of the Notre Dame School fretted about the advancement of clausulae in musically indistinguishable examples. (Harman, 53) Harman composes: This was not just the summit of the Notre Dame distraction with cadence, but on the other hand was a significant advancement, since it in the end formed into the boss auxiliary gadget of the fourteenth century motet. (Harman, 53) The auxiliary gadget insinuated above, goes under name of isorhythm, (same musicality). From the outset, this idea of single mood was applied exclusively to the tenor part, however step by step the guideline was applied to different parts. Making a more prominent solidarity and feeling of entire to the audience. Philippe de Vitry (1291-1361) was an ace of the isorythmic motet. (Thomson, 59) It was he who spearheaded the utilization of the standard to different parts. He and Guillaume de Machaut (c.1300-c.1377), whose guarantee that the ear ought to be utilized to check a finished sythesis was the main sign that the blend of the given tunes was starting to respect a more liberated, progressively singular demeanor towards imaginative workmanship. (Einstein, 34) Machaut was the most unmistakable specialist of the strophic motet and favored the utilization of French content. (Saide, 625) The fourteenth century likewise saw an adjustment in demeanor toward text. The polytextual thirteenth-century motet was supplanted by the fourteenth-century structures, which regularly had a solitary book, rewarded either as a performance (the French ditty) or appropriated between the voices so as to keep the words in every case plainly justifiable. (Grout, 157) The advancement of the motet from the thirteenth to the fifteenth hundreds of years can be portrayed as a progressive getting some distance from the theoretical, nonsensuous standards of development toward joy of sounds for the wellbeing of their own, and toward a lucidity of structure promptly obvious from the music itself, without reference to exclusive implications. (Grout, 157) Many of the motets composed during the fourteenth century were built in

Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock Essay: Time -- Love Song J. Alfred Pr

Time and The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrockâ â  Pericles once said Be managed by time, the most astute instructor of all. This leader of the past probably won't have had the innovation of today, yet he didn't require it to perceive time’s oppressive nature over all humanity. Regardless of what advances man makes, he will always be unable to hinder time nor stop it totally; nor it shows up will he have the option to jump into the past or what's to come. Time is one thing that man can't control, rather it controls man. No sonnet preferable delineates this point over T.S. Eliot’s The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock. Prufrock is caught by the problem of time in that regardless of what he does, he generally relapses to his beginning stage. His life has been diminished to a diurnal pattern of repetitive tasks that appear to be directed by time. Prufrock’s choices and updates are repetitive and dull; it could be said, he has no through and through freedom. His absence of discretion can be obviously found in his roun dabout journey all through the sonnet: he starts his excursion by fitting in with time, makes a pitiful endeavor to disturb the constancy of regular daily existence, and gets himself again miserably limited by time to his routine inclinations. In this sonnet, time takes on an unmistakable importance. As opposed to just being an outer item that needs command over man, Eliot raises the importance of this outside article to another level. The time gave to the speaker can be compared with his activities. Ordinary he is given a specific measure of time, and for quite a while he is set up to let out the butt-parts of the bargains 2461) toward the finish of the his flat day. The dissatisfaction Prufrock develops is brought about by the tedious reiteration of his activities. Moreover, he feels as if he can not esc... ...gle day by day: we can not control time. Regardless of how much innovation humankind gets, it is far-fetched that we will ever show up at a point in history where time doesn't constrain us somehow or another. The significance of this reality lies in its acknowledgment by man. When we can appreciate our control by time, we will have the option to live in congruity with it, utilizing the entirety of this valuable amount which we are conceded.  Works Cited Eliot, T.S.. The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Ed. M.H. Abrams. New York: Norton, 1996. 2459-2463. Pinion, F. B. A T.S. Eliot Companion. Totowa: Barnes and Noble Books, 1986. Sharma, Jitendra Kumar. Time and T.S. Eliot: His Poetry, Plays, and Philosophy. New York: Apt Books, INC. 1985. Spurr, David. Clashes in Consciousness: T.S. Eliot’s Poetry and Criticism. Urbana: U of Illinois P. 1984. Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock Essay: Time - Love Song J. Alfred Pr Time and The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrockâ â  Pericles once said Be administered by time, the most astute advocate of all. This leader of the past probably won't have had the innovation of today, however he didn't require it to perceive time’s oppressive nature over all humankind. Regardless of what advances man makes, he will always be unable to hinder time nor stop it totally; nor it shows up will he have the option to jump into the past or what's to come. Time is one thing that man can't control, rather it controls man. No sonnet preferred delineates this point over T.S. Eliot’s The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock. Prufrock is caught by the problem of time in that regardless of what he does, he generally relapses to his beginning stage. His life has been decreased to a diurnal pattern of dreary errands that appear to be directed by time. Prufrock’s choices and modifications are dull and tedious; it could be said, he has no through and through freedom. His absence of restraint can be plainly found in his roundabout journey all through the sonnet: he starts his excursion by complying with time, makes a pitiful endeavor to disturb the perpetual quality of regular day to day existence, and gets himself again miserably limited by time to his routine inclinations. In this sonnet, time takes on an unmistakable significance. Instead of just being an outside article that needs authority over man, Eliot raises the significance of this remote item to another level. The time gave to the speaker can be likened with his activities. Ordinary he is given a specific measure of time, and for quite a while he is set up to let out the butt-parts of the bargains 2461) toward the finish of the his insipid day. The dissatisfaction Prufrock develops is brought about by the tedious reiteration of his activities. Moreover, he feels just as he can not esc... ...gle every day: we can not control time. Regardless of how much innovation humankind gets, it is far-fetched that we will ever show up at a point in history where time doesn't restrain us here and there. The significance of this reality lies in its acknowledgment by man. When we can fathom our mastery by time, we will have the option to live in concordance with it, utilizing the entirety of this valuable amount which we are conceded.  Works Cited Eliot, T.S.. The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Ed. M.H. Abrams. New York: Norton, 1996. 2459-2463. Pinion, F. B. A T.S. Eliot Companion. Totowa: Barnes and Noble Books, 1986. Sharma, Jitendra Kumar. Time and T.S. Eliot: His Poetry, Plays, and Philosophy. New York: Apt Books, INC. 1985. Spurr, David. Clashes in Consciousness: T.S. Eliot’s Poetry and Criticism. Urbana: U of Illinois P. 1984.

Thanksgiving Holiday Schedule and Post Roundup COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Thanksgiving Holiday Schedule and Post Roundup COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog In observance of the U.S. Thanksgiving holiday, the Office of Admissions and Financial Aid will be closed starting tomorrow, November 21, at 2pm ET, and will be closed Thursday and Friday. Well reopen as usual on Monday, November 26. While were out, well leave you with some resources to help you out with your application. Heres a roundup of the most popular blog posts from the last few days: How NOT to write your personal statement   The essay topics will change but the advice wont. Advice highlight: There’s nothing that upsets people more than when someone asks a question they could’ve easily found the answer to with a 30-second Google search. Heres a few Dos and Donts on Your SIPA Application   Some good overall pointers as you go along preparing for applications. Advice highlight: We understand that most applicants are also applying to other graduate programs in addition to SIPA, however, it is important applicants are diligent and address their essay to the correct school. The last thing that you want to happen is to submit a very generic essay and then address it to the wrong school. Whats in an App: admissions video essay   Remember, the video essay will be available to you after you finish the rest of the application and pay the application fee.  Advice highlight: This isn’t the be-all-end-all deciding factor for your admissions decision. This component provides the Admissions Committee a sense of who you are in person as well as your thought process and how you respond to questions. Preparation for grad school app Past student (and now alum!) Nancy Leeds shares advice she wished shed received when going through the process that youre going through now. Advice highlight: Visit the campus.  Trying to distinguish between schools from their websites and viewbooks is kind of like online dating you won’t get a real feel for them until you meet them in person. We hope you all have a chance to share a meal with your loved ones this week, be it family or friends. Happy Thanksgiving!

Health, Person, Environment And Nursing - 861 Words

The four famous metaparadigm are: health, person, environment and nursing. I believe that health is not merely the absence of illness or disease, but rather it encompasses an array of the complex of biological, psychological, social, and spiritual factors, unique to each individual. I support the idea that health is the highest level of functioning person may attain, despite any existing conditions. Moreover, the concept of health is dynamic and changes over time and situations. Health is also maintaining well-being. As a person who experiencing chronic pain and psychological challenges on a daily basis, I define the health as a total absence of pain. When I found my fallen colleague, I had a mixed feeling of confusion, compassion, and powerlessness. Based on my perception of the health concept, I was ready to alleviate her condition (e.g. decrease her pain or remove illness). Thus, I put her in a comfortable position, hoping it would help her. Since I was trained to focus on preserv ing life and eliminating risk factors, I intuitively asked for extra help to transfer Mrs. A. to emergency department immediately. Person Each person is an unique human being who has feelings, thoughts, emotions, and mentality. Person may feel different emotions such as happiness, antipathy, anger, and so on. On physiological level a person may experience variety of feelings such as pain, pleasure, passion, and weakness. On one hand, Mrs. A. experienced stress, sadness, hopelessness, and,Show MoreRelatedNursing: Providing The Best Possible Care For Patients1457 Words   |  6 PagesPersonal Nursing Philosophy Nursing has developed from its original roots, to become a personal philosophy to those who practice it. This paper describes my personal philosophy of nursing that I plan to practice in my own personal career. 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Biography of Physicist Ernest Rutherford

Ernest Rutherford was the first man to split an atom, transmuting one element into another. He performed experiments on radioactivity and is widely regarded as the Father of Nuclear Physics or Father of the Nuclear Age. Here is a brief biography of this important scientist: Born: August 30, 1871, Spring Grove, New Zealand Died: October 19, 1937, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England Ernest Rutherford Claims To Fame He discovered alpha and beta particles.He coined the terms alpha, beta, and gamma rays.Identified alpha particles as helium nuclei.He demonstrated radioactivity was the spontaneous disintegration of atoms.In 1903, Rutherford and Frederick Soddy  formulated the laws of radioactive decay  and described the disintegration theory of atoms.Rutherford is credited with discovering the radioactive gaseous element radon, while at McGill University in Montreal.Rutherford and Bertram Borden Boltwood (Yale University) proposed a decay series to categorize elements.In 1919, he became the first person to  artificially induce a nuclear reaction in a stable element.In 1920, he hypothesized the existence of the neutron.Lord Rutherford pioneered the orbital theory of the atom with his famous gold foil experiment, through which he discovered Rutherford scattering off the nucleus. This experiment was fundamental to the development of modern chemistry and physics, as it helped describe the nature o f the atomic nucleus. Rutherfords gold foil experiment, also known as the  Geiger–Marsden experiments, was not a single experiment, but a set of experiments conducted by Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden under Rutherfords supervision, between 1908 and 1913. By measuring how a beam of alpha particles was deflected when striking a thin sheet of gold foil, the scientists determined (a) the nucleus had a positive charge and (b) most of an atoms mass was in the nucleus. This is the Rutherford model of the atom.He is sometimes called the Father of Nuclear Physics. Notable Honors and Awards Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1908)  for his investigations into the disintegration of the elements, and the chemistry of radioactive substances - Affiliated with Victoria University, Manchester, United Kingdom Knighted (1914)Ennobled (1931)President of the Institute of Physics (1931)  After the war, Rutherford succeeded his mentor J. J. Thomson in the Cavendish Professorship at Cambridge  Element 104, rutherfordium, is named in his honorReceived several honorary fellowships and degreesBuried in Westminster Abbey Interesting Rutherford Facts Rutherford was the 4th of 12 children. He was the son of farmer James Rutherford and his wife, Martha. His parents were originally from Hornchurch, Essex, England, but they emigrated to New Zealand to raise flax and start a family.When Rutherfords birth was registered, his name was mistakenly spelled Earnest.After completing his degree at the university in New Zealand, his job was teaching rebellious children.He left teaching because he was awarded a scholarship to study at Cambridge University in England.He became  J. J. Thomsons first graduate student at the Cavendish Laboratory.Rutherfords initial experiments dealt with the transmission of radio waves.Rutherford and Thomson conducted electricity through gases and analyzed the results.He entered the new field of radioactivity research, just discovered by  Becquerel and Pierre and Marie Curie.Rutherford worked with many interesting scientists of the time, including Frederick Soddy, Hans Geiger, Neils Bohr,  H. G. J. Moseley, J ames Chadwick, and of course J. J. Thomson. Under Rutherfords supervision, James Chadwick discovered the neutron in 1932.His work during World War I focused on submarine detection and antisubmarine research.Rutherford was called Crocodile by his colleagues. The name referenced the scientists relentless forward thinking.Ernest Rutherford said he hoped scientists would not learn how to split the atom until  Ã¢â‚¬Å"man was living at peace with his neighbors.† As it turned out, fission was discovered only two years after Rutherfords death and was applied to make nuclear weapons.Rutherfords discoveries were the basis for the design and construction of the  largest, most energetic particle accelerator in the world -- the Large Hadron Collider or LHC.Rutherford was the first Canandian and Oceanian Nobel laureate. References Ernest Rutherford – Biography. NobelPrize.org.Eve, A. S.; Chadwick, J. (1938). Lord Rutherford 1871–1937. Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society. 2 (6): 394. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1938.0025Heilbron, J. L. (2003) Ernest Rutherford and the Explosion of Atoms. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 123–124. ISBN 0-19-512378-6.Rutherford, Ernest (1911). The scattering of alpha and beta particles by matter and the structure of the atom. Taylor Francis. p. 688.

Crown Awards, Inc. V. Discount Trophy Co., Inc. Free Essays

Crown Awards, Inc. v. Discount Trophy Co. We will write a custom essay sample on Crown Awards, Inc. V. Discount Trophy Co., Inc. or any similar topic only for you Order Now , Inc. U. S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit 2009 U. S. App. Lexis 8540 (2009) Material Facts of the Case: Crown Awards is a retailer of awards and trophies sold through mail order catalogs and via the Internet. Crown designed and sold a diamond-shaped spinning trophy for which it owned two copyright registrations. Discount Trophy is one of Crown’s competitors, and it sold a trophy that was substantially similar to Crown’s Spin Trophy. Crown requested that Discount discontinue the sale of the alleged copy, and when Discount refused, Crown filed suit in the Southern District of New York. Legal and Ethical Issues of the Case: In order to prevail on a claim of copyright infringement, a plaintiff must demonstrate both ownership of a valid copyright and infringement. â€Å"To establish infringement, the copyright owner must demonstrate that (1) the defendant has actually copied the plaintiff’s work;  and  (2) the copying is illegal because a substantial similarity exists between the defendant’s work and the protectable elements of plaintiff’s. Actual copying may be proved directly or indirectly. Indirect evidence of copying  includes proof that the defendants had access to the copyrighted work and similarities that are probative of copying between the works. † Because direct proof of access is often  impossible to adduce, the law permits a plaintiff to carry his burden on this point t hrough evidence that â€Å"an alleged infringer had a ‘reasonable possibility'† of access to the original work. Notably, â€Å"a court may infer that the alleged infringer had a reasonable possibility of access if the author sent the copyrighted work to a third party intermediary who has a  close relationship  with the infringer. † Access through third parties connected to both a plaintiff and a defendant may be sufficient to prove a defendant’s access to a plaintiff’s work. If a plaintiff cannot demonstrate a reasonable possibility of access, its infringement claim will fail absent proof of a â€Å"striking† similarity between the original and infringing works. We have held that where the works in question are ‘so strikingly similar as to preclude the possibility of independent creation, copying may be proved without a showing of access. ‘†Ã‚  In some cases, the similarities between the plaintiff’s and defendant’s work are so extensive and striking as, without more, both to justify an inference of copying and to prove improper ap propriation. If a plaintiff demonstrates actual copying through proof of a reasonable possibility of access and similarities probative of copying, however, it can prevail on its infringement claim by demonstrating that defendant’s work is â€Å"substantially similar to that which is original in the plaintiff’s expression. † With â€Å"inexact copies,† this assessment proceeds by a comparison of the â€Å"total concept and feel of the contested works† as â€Å"instructed by common sense. The court must â€Å"analyze the two works closely to figure out in what respects, if any, they are similar, and then determine whether these similarities are due to protected aesthetic expressions original to the allegedly infringed work, or whether the similarity is to something in the original that is free for the taking. † Rules and Rationale Utilized by the Court to Resolve the Dispute: The district court found that Crown owned a valid copyright in its diamond-shaped spinning trophy and that Discount had access to Crown’s design through its receipt of Crown’s 2006 catalog and its monitoring of Crown’s products. The district court found, however, that Crown had failed to demonstrate that Xiamen Xihua Arts and Craft, the manufacturer of the allegedly infringing trophy, also had access to Crown’s design because there was no record evidence (1) that Discount asked Xiamen to manufacture a trophy that looked like Crown’s copyrighted trophy, or (2) that Xiamen ever received a Crown catalog. While acknowledging that Crown’s design could be viewed on the Internet after January of 2006, the district court noted that â€Å"there is no evidence in the record about the Internet habits† of Xiamen’s principal. The district court nevertheless inferred access on the part of Xiamen from the â€Å"striking† similarity between the diamond-shaped spinning trophies sold by Crown and Discount. The court further found that the two products were â€Å"substantially† similar and shared the same â€Å"total concept and feel.    The court further found that â€Å"the timing of the order from Discount is . . . suggestive of copying,† insofar as â€Å"the first Discount trophies were ordered from Lin in the mid-summer of 2006, which is perfect timing if you worked forward from the publication of the Crown catalogs in 2006 and assumed that Xiamen got to work on fabricating a knockoff shortly thereafter. The district court concluded: â€Å"I find i ndependent creation to be not only unlikely but absolutely impossible to believe. † Accordingly, it ruled in favor of Crown on its claim of infringement. Court’s Conclusion: The judgments of the district court were affirmed in favor of the plaintiff. Defendant Discount appeals from the judgments of the district court, entered after a two-day bench trial, awarding plaintiff Crown $22,845. 18 in damages and $165,528. 01 in attorney’s fees and costs for Discount’s infringement of Crown’s copyrights in the design of the Spin Trophy. Ethical Impact Analysis: The decision in the court’s ruling emphasizes that copyright infringement is not only illegal, but considered unethical in our society. Copyrights exist for a reason, and particularly against with a registered copyright, deliberate copying of a product for the purpose of making a profit is something that should definitely be challenged and awarded to the copyright owner. The theft of intellectual property, as illustrated in this case, is sometimes difficult to prove, but it seemed clear in this situation that Discount blatantly copied Crown’s spinning trophy. I’m glad to have seen that Crown was awarded not only in damages, but also for their legal fees. How to cite Crown Awards, Inc. V. Discount Trophy Co., Inc., Essay examples

Academic Skills for Accounting

Questions: Discuss the different purposes for which financial information provided by the following statements are required: 1. Statement of profit or loss.2. Statement of financial position.3. Statement of cash flow.4. Sustainability and integrated reports. Answers: 1. The statement of Profit and loss (P/L) summarizes the expenses, costs and revenues incurred in a specific time period; quarterly or yearly. P/L statement provides financial information about the company and shows the net profit or the net loss of the company. The purpose of P/L statement reducing the is to get the information about the ability of the company to generate profit by reducing costs of the company or increasing the revenue options of the company. The creditors, debtors, suppliers and prospective investors to get a highlight of the performance of the financial positions use this statement and they can make their move accordingly. The profit and loss statement can be compared with the other companies of same sector and the performance of the company can be reviewed accordingly. Important decisions related to the strategy and finance of the company can be taken through the statement. 2. According to Brooks and Mukherjee (2013), Statement of financial position commonly known as the Balance sheet, shows the financial position of an entity in a given period of time. The assets, liabilities and the owners equity of the concern can be determined and the balance sheet is prepared on a yearly or a quarterly basis. Balance sheet is helpful in making different financial analysis and for financial reporting. Management takes the help of the balance sheet to evaluate the operations of the company and make strategic moves accordingly. Creditors and investors look at all the data in the balance sheet and get a hint of the direction in which the company is moving and they take their decisions based upon the data. Generally, five years data is analyzed so as to reach at a decision and they can also advice the company regarding the steps needed to be taken to make the financial performance strong (Chui 2014). 3. Statement of Cash flow gives the information on the cash payments, cash receipts and the net change in the cash position of the company resulting from the investing, financing and operating activities. The main purpose of cash flow statements is to give information about the gross payments and gross receipts of the company for a defined time period; quarterly or yearly. The cash flow statement reports the changes in the cash and cash equivalent of the company in a given period and the income and the expenses of the company can be tracked according to the different heads. Cash flow statements discloses other information relating to the amount of interest paid, significant financing and investing activities which does not require the use of cash and the taxes paid (Farshadfar and Monem2013). 4. Sustainability and integrated reports is a way of evaluating, disclosing and being accountable to the external and internal stakeholders of the organizational performance against specific social, environment and the governance goals and metrics that support the sustainable development policy and states how the sustainability is doctrined in the overall policy and strategy of the company. Integrated reporting helps to make us informed about the company the business model, performance analysis and strategy. Integrated reporting gives a forward looking information to help facilitate stakeholders, make a informed assessment of the future value creation of the company. The resource utilization and the relationships used by the company can be found and explained in detail as to how the company interacts with the external environment (Lapsa and Nichols 2014). This report is becoming a requirement due to the strict regulatory policies and the strong actions of the government. The awarene ss of the customers, government and other stakeholders have led to this reporting. Conclusion This report focuses on the importance of the stakeholders in a business and the role they play in a business. The Pestel analysis of Frizzyco is made to check whether it is viable to open up a new distributuion channel in the United Kingdom or not. The form of the organizational structure has a great impact on the culture of the company, the different types of organizational structures are highlighted, and its effect on the culture of the company is analyzed. The financial statements provide an overview of the functioning of the company and the purpose it serves to the end users. References Brooks, R. and Mukherjee, A.K., 2013.Financial management: core concepts. Pearson. Chui, M.K., Fender, I. and Sushko, V., 2014. Risks related to EME corporate balance sheets: the role of leverage and currency mismatch.BIS Quarterly Review September Farshadfar, S. and Monem, R., 2013.Further evidence on the usefulness of direct method cash flow components for forecasting future cash flows.The international journal of accounting,48(1), pp.111-133 Lapsa, M.V. and Nichols, T.A., 2014.ORNL Annual Sustainability Report(No. ORNL/TM-2013/527).Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL); Building Technologies Research and Integration Center.